AB5 - A metal alloy (e.g., LaNi5) capable of undergoing a reversible hydrogen absorption/desorption reaction as the battery is charged and discharged, respectively.
Forced Discharge - Discharging a cell in a battery, by the other cells or an external power source, below zero volts into voltage reversal.
Charge - The conversion of electrical energy, provided in the form of electrical current from an external source, to restore the chemical energy in a cell or battery.
Protection index (IP) - Index indicating the capacity of an electrical device to resist environment conditions. It is made up of three digits (e.g. IP 205), each corresponding to a type of environmental risk. The higher the number, the greater the capacity to resist. First digit (0 to 6) - capacity to resist penetration by solid objects. Second digit (0 to 7) - capacity to resist penetration by liquids. Third digit (0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9) - mechanical strength.
Closed-Circuit Voltage (CCV) - The potential or voltage of a battery when it is discharging or charging.
UL - Underwriters Laboratories (UL) is a non-governmental, non-profit certification organization in the United States in which not only government authorities are represented, but also consumer groups, "export" services, research, etc. Following certification, a product may bear the UL label.
Dry Cell - A cell with immobilized electrolyte. The term "dry cell" is often used to describe the Leclanche cell.
