IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) - Advisory organization that draws up international standards in the electrotechnical field.
Separator - An ionic permeable electronically nonconductive spacer or material which prevents electronic contact between electrodes of opposite polarity in the same cell.
Energy - The output capability of a cell or battery, usually expressed in watt-hours.
Transformer short-circuit voltage (Uscx %) - Relative measurement (%) of the internal impedance of a transformer. This short-circuit impedance is commonly called the short-circuit voltage because it is measured during a short-circuit test (shorted secondary winding subjected to a current set to In). For most common three-phase transformers, this value ranges between 3 and 6%.
Bypass (manual) - Manually-operated switch used to supply the load via direct connection to utility power during servicing of the UPS system.
Load (non-linear) - Load (generally with a switched-mode power supply) generating major harmonic currents. Current wave form is different from voltage wave form. Ohm's law is not applicable. It can be used only with each harmonic.
Working Voltage - The typical voltage or range of voltage of a battery during discharge (also called operating voltage or running voltage).