Internal Impedance - The opposition exhibited by a circuit element (cell or battery) to the flow of an alternating current (a.c.) of a particular frequency as a result of resistance, induction and capacitance.
Primary Battery - A battery which is not intended to be recharged and is discarded when the battery has delivered all of its electrical energy.
Load (linear) - Load for which voltage form and current form are similar. Voltage and current are related by Ohm's law U(t) = Z x I(t).
Bobbin - A cylindrical cell design utilizing an internal cylindrical electrode, and an external electrode arranged as a sleeve inside the cell container.
Volumetric Energy Density - The ratio of the energy output of a cell or battery to its volume (Wh/L).
E-Rate - Discharge or charge power, in watts, expressed as a multiple of the rated capacity of a cell or battery which is expressed in watt-hours. For example, the E/10 rate for a cell or battery rated at 17.3 watt-hours is 1.73 watts. (This is similar to the method for calculating C-Rate.)
Current Collector - An inert structure of high electrical conductivity used to conduct current from or to an electrode during discharge or charge.