Internal Resistance (IR) - The opposition exhibited by a circuit element to the flow of direct current (d.c.). In a cell, the internal resistance is the sum of the ionic and electronic resistances of the cell components.
Thermistor - A temperature sensitive resistor, usually made from specially processed oxides.
Shelf Life - The duration of storage under specified conditions at the end of which the battery still retains the ability to give a specified performance.
Primary Battery - A battery which is not intended to be recharged and is discarded when the battery has delivered all of its electrical energy.
Dry Cell - A cell with immobilized electrolyte. The term "dry cell" is often used to describe the Leclanche cell.
Polarization - The lowering of the potential of a cell or electrode from its equilibrium value caused by the passage of an electric current.
Earthing system TN - Earthing system in which the exposed conductive parts are interconnected and connected to the neutral. The neutral is connected to the earth. The installation must be de-energized immediately in the event of an insulation fault.
